Although do not know exactly when to go. Mirror found a vernacular version of Bo Yang, and sometimes read a chapter. Now after dinner to see the world in History (Stavrianos book). I feel pretty good, very balanced discussion.
I have been to China, the contribution of science in modern times little to heart. But today, see the following comments to be happy if a Chinese scholar
came to my house (850 years to 925 years, an Arab living in Baghdad, doctors and scientists), and lived in the town about year. Five months, he learned to speak Arabic, writing, and indeed to the eloquence, calligraphy master's degree. Later, he decided to return home. About a month before leaving, he said to me: , at most, only a small part of the record. He said: fastest oral gallon for his writings,Discount UGG boots, but he remembers faster. We do not believe he remembered all right, after the by check,UGGs, only to find absolutely correct. I asked him why he can remember so fast, he said: free to organize them into the original text.
this narrative by describing the situation is more unique because of the Middle Ages, the Chinese exchanges in Eurasia, usually the donor, not the recipients. Indeed, the earlier the situation is the opposite. Ancient and classical period, the wheels of Mesopotamia, reel wheel and pulley, Egypt's grip and crank; Persia and Asia Minor iron windmills and so on, from their place of origin spread in all directions. But in AD 14 century, China is a great centers of technological innovation, the spread of Eurasian region counted a number of his invention (see Table 1).
1620, the British philosopher Francis Bacon wrote:
we should note that the strength of these inventions, efficiency and results. People will see that these three great inventions invented so much less significant; these three inventions ancients did not know their origins, even if it is still unclear, no one knows, they are: printing, gunpowder and the magnet. Because these three aspects of the invention first in the literature, followed by the war, the third in navigation, the changing face of the world and the status of many things, and the resulting numerous changes, so does not seem any empire, any faction, any planet , than the invention of these technologies on human affairs,UGG shoes, a greater power and influence.
China into Western technology and invention about a century and now separated
15 square plate chain pump water wheel mill wheel grinding mills 13 9 11 Hydraulic Machinery Metallurgy leaf blast 14 rotary winnowing machine 14 pull the piston bellows hand textile spinning machinery 4 (11th century spinning wheel on the emergence of a uniform twisting flyer, water has been used in the 14th century textile) 3-13 single wheel car 9-10 maritime transport 11 Car-12 effective mills harness draft animals; chest strap (left Ma Yu persons) 8 yoke 6 Crossbow (arm) 13 Kite 12 helicopter propeller (rotating with a rope) 14 comic book events drum (turn by rising hot air) 19 deep-hole drilling method Cardin Suspension 10-12 11 8-9 iron flat, round arch 7 chain bridge canal lock gates 10-18 7-17 10 nautical cartography gunpowder ship rudder 4 5 4 -6 gunpowder magnetic compass technology used in war (magnet key) 11 4 magnetic compass needle compass used for navigation block printing paper 10 6 2 4 metal movable type movable type 1 porcelain 11-13
West into China technology and invention
screw crank 14, 18, liquid pressure pump 3 clockwork 8
Bacon correct evaluation of the historical significance of the three great inventions, but these three inventions have originated in China. Woodblock printing is a book to be printed on each page were engraved on the wood block printing. Oldest woodblock prints, is printed in 868 Chinese Buddhist scriptures. The first movable type invented by the Chinese people, it is a successful trial by an ordinary artist; 1041-1049 years, the artist made of ordinary clay roasting of the type. Several centuries later, the Chinese type of wood and metal instead of the soil type. The invention spread from China to the Middle East, then spread to Europe from the Middle East. In Europe, 1423, the first use of woodblock printing, 1456, with the movable type printing her first book -
early as the Tang Dynasty (618-906), the Chinese used gunpowder to create fireworks. 1120, the Chinese invented a weapon that This is almost the predecessor of the gun metal pipe. Metal pipe gun appeared in about 1280, but did not know was first invented by the Chinese or the Arabs or the Europeans by the invention.
about 240 BC, the Chinese book, the first explicit reference to the magnet. However, centuries later, the compass used only for soil Diviner's witchcraft activities. 1125, the compass for navigation began, apparently Arab traders came to China, learn to use this instrument. And it passed on to Europe. In addition to these three inventions
, the Chinese passed the Eurasian continent are still many things the neighbors. 105 years, the Chinese invented paper, for the invention of printing provides a prerequisite. 751, to Samarkand by Chinese prisoners, will be passed to the Arabs of papermaking; Arabs in turn passed it Syria,UGG boots, Egypt, Morocco. 115O, the introduction of papermaking, after Spain, and from there spread to France and other European countries; went, parchment replaced. Proved its value is significant: In the past, with the parchment making a
spread throughout the Eurasian continent, far-reaching invention of other Chinese ship rudder, stirrups and other harness chest strap. Ship rudder and compass about the same time in 1180 into Europe; stirrup to wear a heavy medieval European feudal knights armor can be generated; chest belt harness and collar harness the past is different and the horse body, so that horses can full pull things without being strangled. Finally, the Chinese people have planted many fruits and plants; they are usually spread throughout Eurasia by the Arabs. These fruits and plants including chrysanthemums, camellias, azaleas, tea rose, aster, lemon, orange, etc.; Orange in the Netherlands and Germany has also been called the These and other inventions spread, apparently with political events. Therefore, it was felt that the 12th century guide to Xu, ship rudder, paper and the windmill can be attributed to the wide spread of the Crusades. Similarly, Pax Mongolia, also contributed to the 14th century gunpowder, silk manufacturing, printing and dissemination of a large number of blast furnace.
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